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However, how do you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to upgrade the ledger without giving them too much powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their job
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a very creative way I love to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do this. Whatever you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds simple, right
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Of course, this guessing is done by your PC. The more powerful your computer is, the further guesses you can make in one second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to guess right, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the right guess, your mining program determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents the moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with the solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can affirm it. Its somewhat much like a Rubiks cube: The solution is very hard to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Every computer which validates your solution upgrades its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions you opted to include in the block.
4. The machine generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and benefits them as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees which were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the block youve only entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the simple fact that this procedure helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining part is just a by-product of the transaction confirmation process. Therefore that the name is somewhat misleading, since the main objective of mining is to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for each block, a different miner will guess the number and also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but due to the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the exact same miner will succeed every time. .
Now that you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented directory Bitcoin, crafted the principles for mining in a manner that the further mining energy the network has, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining math issue. Therefore that the difficulty of this mining process is actually self-adjusting into the accumulated mining power the network owns. .
If more miners join, it is going to get more difficult to solve the issue; if many of them fall off, it will get easier. This can be known as mining issue.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two blocks being inserted minute after minute and then wait an hour for the Website next block. In the long run, this will even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this type of self-adjusting mechanism has made a sort of arms race to acquire the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners on the market. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only people mining Bitcoin back in the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was reduced. Since Bitcoin started to catch on, people looked for more powerful mining solutions.